Mechatronics technology is the crystallization of many scientific and technological developments, and is the inevitable requirement for the development of social productive forces to a certain stage. Based on the development status of mechatronics, this paper briefly analyses the development status and future development trend of mechatronics, aiming at improving and promoting the development of Mechatronics technology, and injecting new vitality into the development of Mechatronics technology.
The development of any technology will go through a process from scratch, and mechatronics technology is no exception. Mechatronics technology emerges naturally through the accumulation of experience and technology in the long-term industrial practice and along with the development of information and intelligent technology. Mechatronics is a new comprehensive subject, involving automatic control technology, sensing technology, mechanical technology, information technology and servo drive technology. At present, it is developing rapidly at home and abroad. It plays a great role in promoting the industrialization of the society. Therefore, in order to revitalize the national industry, every country is promoting the mechatronics technology in a large scale to enhance the comprehensive national strength.
01. Development status of Mechatronics Technology
1.1 CNC Technology
At present, NC technology is developing towards high speed, high precision, high reliability, modularization and intelligence of structure design. In order to meet the changing needs of the market, NC machines continue to improve cutting speed, dry cutting and quasi-dry cutting become the mainstream of development, accuracy is also constantly improving.
With the development of technology, CNC lathe cancels the traditional driving structure such as belt and pulley, adopts motorized spindle technology, uses linear motor as servo drive, and eliminates the traditional transmission link of ball screw. The spindle speed has reached more than 10000 r/min. At present, the processing accuracy of the common NC lathe in China has reached 5 microns, and the precision level processing has reached 1-1.5 microns. The ultra-precision processing precision has entered the nano-level era.
1.2 Industrial Robots
With the continuous shortage of labor resources and the dramatic increase of labor costs, more and more enterprises are investing heavily in introducing robotic automatic production lines. The relationship between supply and demand urges the development of robotic control technology, driving system design technology, software and programming technology and peripheral supporting equipment. There are nearly 10,000 industrial robots in the Chinese market, and the robots developed and manufactured by China occupy 30% of the market share. In the future, more and more robotic technology will enter the processing and manufacturing industry, and become an important development direction to alleviate labor shortage in China.
1.3 Modern Computer Integrated Manufacturing System
Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS) represents the highest level of factory automation nowadays. It is regarded as the development aspect of future factory. The concept of CIMS has been accepted by more and more people and become the philosophy guiding factory automation. The application of CIMS not only develops in machinery manufacturing industry, but also involves various fields such as electronics, aviation, light industry, metallurgy, chemical industry, textile and so on. It is being paid more and more attention and devoted to development by various industries. At present, Tsinghua University in China has built the National CIMS Engineering Research Center, and more and more famous universities and research institutes are developing in this direction, eventually achieving unmanned manufacturing.
02. Development Trend of Mechatronics
The characteristics of Mechatronics are interdisciplinary and comprehensive. Its development and progress promote the development of machinery, electronics, optics, control science, computer and other disciplines. Looking at the current situation of mechatronics development at home and abroad, the future mechatronics technology will move towards intelligence.
(1) Intelligence. Intelligence is a new subject for researching and developing intelligent theories, methods and technologies for simulation, extension and extension. It is gradually approaching to electromechanical technology. It is an important direction for the development of electromechanical integration technology in the 21st century. It is based on control theory and absorbs artificial intelligence, fuzzy mathematics, psychology and chaotic dynamics. Make it have certain ability of judgment thinking, logical thinking, decision-making thinking, in order to achieve higher control objectives. In the future, the level of intellectualization of mechatronics products will be higher and higher, not only in production and processing, but also in the system hierarchy of products, which will change from simple top-down form to complex and have more redundant two-way links with each other.
(2) Networking. With the development of network technology, the competition of market environment has undergone an important change. Not only has the control of network technology been realized in the enterprise, but also virtualization of products, online change of product sales, networking of basic consumption and diversification of service technology will become the inevitable trend of market competition. Various remote control based on network for Mechatronics products will become the inevitable trend of market competition. The technology of control and surveillance is in the ascendant, and the control terminal equipment itself is the product of mechatronics. Using the network to connect the data terminal with the integrated household appliances system makes people experience the convenience and happiness brought by controlling various high-tech products. Therefore, the future development of Mechatronics will be closely integrated with the network.
(3) Miniaturization. In recent years, the integration of microelectronics technology and mechanical engineering technology has become more and more close. Its operating range is in the micron range, even smaller nano-electromechanical systems. Products made with miniaturization have smaller size, smaller energy consumption and smaller space. Therefore, it has greater advantages in medical, military, information and other fields. It has more advantages in aviation technology and biomedicine. The fields of science, information technology and national defense and military have a broader application prospects. At present, integrated circuits made of silicon and etching technology in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices have been widely used in military and civil industries. Its future development path is broader.
(4) Modularization. Mechatronics products are generally divided into mechanical part, electronic part and software part. Modularization technology is the common product of these three parts. Modularization technology can greatly reduce the cost of product development and production, improve the degree of generalization between different products, improve the product's assemblability, maintainability, scalability, and also more convenient for the rapid development of enterprise products. Modularization is the basic method and development trend of Mechatronics system. From socket keyboards used in households to automobiles and consumables, more and more modularized mechatronics products will appear in the market. With these developing modularized Mechatronics products, enterprises can quickly design and manufacture better and more humanized Mechatronics products.
(5) Greening. With the rapid development of machinery industry, the traditional development model is basically based on the consumption of a large number of resources. With the increasing demands of society for material life, this development mode of high input and high output has been eliminated by society. This extensive production violates the basic principle of sustainable development. It is necessary for future development to reduce the consumption of production materials, energy consumption of mechanical systems, environmental pollution and recyclability of mechanical systems. In the end, the mechanical products should move towards the green road of sustainable development.
